Title

Biodegradation effects of o-cresol by Pseudomonas monteilii SHY on mustard seed germination

Authors

Shainy Nhattuketty Krishnan^{1, 2}, Anuraj Nayarisseri^{3, 4}, Usha Rajamanickam^1,*

Affiliation

¹Department of Microbiology, Karpagam academy of higher education, Eachinary, Coimbatore- 641 021;

²Department of Microbiology, Safi center for scientific research, Vazhayoor East, Malappuram - 673 633;

³In silico Research Laboratory, Eminent Biosciences, Vijaynagar, Indore – 452010, Madhya Pradesh, India;

⁴Bioinformatics Research Laboratory, LeGene Biosciences (P) Ltd, Indore-452010, Madhya Pradesh, India.

Email

usha.anbu09@gmail.com

Article Type

Hypothesis

Date

Received June 20, 2018; Revised June 25, 2018; Accepted June 27, 2018; Published June 30 2018

Cresols are ubiquitous due to industrial production and natural presence. o-cresol (2-methyl phenol) is highly toxic to both fauna and flora. It has been included in the EPA list as one of the priority pollutants. The deleterious effects of pesticides, herbicides, and many other chemical compounds on seed germination are known. However, the effect of o-cresol on seed germination is not known. Therefore, it is of interest to study the effect of o-cresol on germination of 13 different vegetable crop seeds using standard Filter Paper Method. There is no effect on germination for brinjal, red chili, and (green gram, chickpea, cucumber, tomato, fenugreek, cowpea, Green pea, coriander, and spinach, seeds even at 1500 mg/l of o-cresol However, okra and mustard were found to be sensitive to ocresol. Germination of mustard under controlled concentration of o-cresol showed similar results by soil method. It was found that germination percentage and seedling vigour (Vigour Index) was reduced by o-cresol. The percent germination was reduced to 64 and 12 at 25 and 50 mg o-cresol/kg soil as against 100% in the case of untreated control. The vigour index was reduced to 160 and 10, respectively as against of 646 that for the control. The viability of seeds by 2,3,5 - tetrazolium trichloride (TTC) test showed that a considerable reduction was observed at 200mg/l o-cresol. Reduced protease and amylase activity in o- cresol shows inhibited mustard generation. However, mustard generation inhibition was restored by the bioremediation of o-cresol using Pseudomonas monteilii SHY. Thus, the biodegradation effects of o-cresol by Pseudomonas monteilii SHY on mustard seed germination are shown.

Keywords

Pseudomonas monteilii SHY, germination inhibition, mustard, seeds, Brassica juncea, bioremediation

Citation

Krishnan et al. Bioinformation 14(6): 271-278 (2018)

Edited by

P Kangueane

ISSN

0973-2063

Publisher

Biomedical Informatics

License

This is an Open Access article which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited. This is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License.