Title

Anti oxidative/neuro-inflammation properties of Withania somnifera root extract on rotenone induced stress in rat brain

Authors

Vishala Epuri^{1, 2}, Lavanya Prathap^3,*, Venkateshwar Reddy² & Madhan Krishnan⁴

Affiliation

¹Research Scholar, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai- 600077, Tamil Nadu, India; ²Department of anatomy, SVS medical college, Mahaboob Nagar, Yenugonda- 509001, Telangana, India; ³Department of Anatomy, Saveetha Dental College & Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Velappanchavadi, Chennai- 600077, Tamil Nadu, India; ⁴Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Kelambakkam- 603103, Tamilnadu, India; *Corresponding author

Email

Vishala Epuri -E-mail:vissu.cherry4@gmail.com

Lavanya Prathap - E-mail: lavanya.anatomist@gmail.com

Venkateshwar Reddy- Email: dremvee@gmail.com

Madhan Krishnan - E-mail: kmadhan91@gmail.com; drmadhan@care.edu.in

Article Type

Research Article

Date

Received June 1, 2023; Revised June 30, 2023; Accepted June 30, 2023, Published June 30, 2023

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurological condition that worsens with age (i.e., 1% of people over 65) with no permanent cure. Hence, finding a disease-modifying agent with fewer undesirable side effects is urgently needed. Parkinson's disease (PD) pathology results in the degeneration of dopaminergic (DAergic) neurons by accumulating lewy bodies, alpha-synuclein (-syn), lowering anti-oxidants, increasing neuronal inflammation, and altering neuron shape. A well-researched natural substance called withania somnifera (WS) has a potent anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, and anti-neurodegenerative impact. WS, sometimes called as Indian Ginseng, is a subtropical undershrub of the Solanaceae family together with Ashwagandha. In the current work, EWSR's anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective efficacy was assessed in relation to rotenone-induced oxidative stress (i.e., LPO, CAT, and SOD & GSH), microglial activation, and neurodegeneration in the rotenone rat PD model. In ROT-induced brains, EWSR therapy resulted in a considerable decrease in LPO and increased levels of the antioxidants SOD, CAT, and GSH. Furthermore, our research showed that the intraperitoneal treatment of EWSR (40 mg/kg) in rotenone-induced rats reduced microglial activation and neuron loss in the substantia nigra (SN) and hippocampus caused by rotenone-induced neurotoxicity. Based on the observations, EWSR can be considered as an excellent source for neuroprotection, due to its significant anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, anti-neurodegenerative and anti-microglial properties when administered individually and in combination with known anti-inflammatory compounds (Doxycycline and Ellagic acids). But, further research is required before replacing the known neuroprotective treatments with phytochemical treatments.

Keywords

Parkinson’s disease (PD), Withania somnifera (WS), lipid peroxidation (lpo), superoxide dismutase (sod), catalase (cat), microglia, neurodegeneration.

Citation

Epuri et al.  Bioinformation 19(6): 729-738 (2023)

Edited by

P Kangueane

ISSN

0973-2063

Publisher

Biomedical Informatics

License

This is an Open Access article which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited. This is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License.