Title
Alloantibody among Thalassemia patients receiving multiple blood transfusions at a tertiary care hospital in India
Authors
Sanjay Kumar Thakur1, 2, Anil Kumar Sinha1 Aarzoo Jahan2, Alka Mathur2 Dinesh Kumar Negi2 & Sompal Singh2*
Affiliation
1P. G. Department of Zoology, Veer Kunwar Singh University, Ara, Bihar, India 802301; 2Department of Regional Blood Transfusion Centre, Hindu Rao Hospital and NDMC Medical College, Delhi, India 110007; *Corresponding author
Sanjay Kumar Thakur- E-mail: sanjaykumarthakur80@gmail.com,
ORCID ID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8358-2517
Anil Kumar Sinha- E-mail: anilksinha2010@gmail.com,
ORCID ID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9866-220X
Aarzoo Jahan- E-mail: jahanaarzoo@yahoo.in,
ORCID ID https://orcid.org/0009-0002-4910-6263
Alka Mathur- E-mail: dralkamathur1510@gmail.com,
ORCID ID https://orcid.org/0009-0005-2943-3242
Dinesh Kumar Negi- E-mail: dineshnegi2008@gmail.com,
ORCID ID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5197-9082
Sompal Singh- E-mail: sompal151074@gmail.com,
ORCID ID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7766-4708
Article Type
Research Article
Date
Received April 1, 2023; Revised April 30, 2023; Accepted April 30, 2023, Published April 30, 2023
Abstract
Regular blood transfusion is a lifesaving treatment for thalassemia patients; however, it exposes them to multiple alloantigens. The present study was designed to assess the frequency of alloantibodies in thalassemia patients receiving multiple blood transfusions. Blood samples were tested by Gel card method for ABO, Rh, Direct Antiglobulin Test (DAT), Indirect Antiglobulin Test (IAT), Auto Control (AC) and presence of alloantibody. Alloantibody screening and identification were performed using commercial 3-cell and 11-cell identification panels. Of a total of 66 thalassemia patients, 37 were male and 29 were female, with a mean age of 15.63±5.93 years and a range of 4.0 to 29.0 years. The ABO profiles of thalassemia patients were B-33, A-19, O-11, and AB-3, with 63 Rh-D positives and 3 Rh-D negatives. An average of 533.39±284.95 units were transfused an average of 304±119.65 times. Positive cases for DAT were 29(43.93%), AC was 26(39.39%) and IAT was 4(6.06%). Nine (13.636%) patients had developed alloantibodies, in which anti-K was seen in 5(27.77%), anti-Kpa in 4(22.22%), anti-C in 3(16.66%), anti-Cw in 3(16.66%), anti-D in 1(5.55%), anti-Lea in 1(5.55%), anti-Lua in 1(5.55%). Alloantibodies were single in 4(44.44%) and multiple in 5(55.55%) patients. The rate of alloimmunization and positivity of DAT, AC, ICT, and splenectomy were significantly associated with higher age, the number of units transfused, and also the number of times of transfusion. Every new thalassemia patient needs extended blood group typing prior to the start of a blood transfusion and antigen-matched blood. For patients with alloantibodies, corresponding antigen-negative blood must be selected for cross-matching.
Keywords
Alloantibody, alloimmunization, thalassemia, multiple transfusions.
Citation
Thakur et al. Bioinformation 19(4): 362-368 (2023)
Edited by
P Kangueane
ISSN
0973-2063
Publisher
License
This is an Open Access article which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited. This is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License.
